While the 20th conference of the UN climate just ended in Lima, Peru, we should review this issue at the heart of everyday life. We find in duplex, Jean JOUZEL. Climatologist and Vice Chairman of the IPCC, the Intergovernmental Group of Climate Change.
Jean Jouzel, "Actually I am vice-president of the Scientific Panel of the IPCC, but actually the IPCC has done an extremely important report in the context of the Lima conference."
Fabien Farge, euronews: 2014 is the warmest year we've ever experienced on Earth according to the World Meteorological Organization. Why?
Jean Jouzel "Why? Well because it is part of a series of warm years. In fact, all the recent years have been warmer and we are in a context of global warming. So be it the warmest year there is no specific reason, but this is a warm year is what you'd expect. We expect a warming of the order of 1 to 2 / 10th of a degree Celsius per decade, and this is what we are observing in the last 50 years. "
Fabien Farge, euronews: Exactly, Is human activity really responsible, the one responsible for this phenomenon?
Jean Jouzel: "Human activity is responsible for a large part of global warming we have experienced over the last 50 years. In France it is more than 1ºC at the global level is two thirds of degree and these two third of a degree is attributable in large part, even for the most human activities, primarily our emissions Greenhouse gases that are due in large part to the use of fossil fuels. 75% of our increase in emissions of greenhouse gases is related to our use of oil, coal, natural gas, other greenhouse gases, the métane, nitrous oxide, are more related to practice agricultural. But it is true that at the heart of the current debate is the use of fossil fuels is the primary responsibility of the warming we are experiencing, and that we live for fifty years. "
Fabien Farge, euronews: Can we still limit global warming to 2 degrees as desired by the UN and end the downward spiral, or global warming is it inevitable?
Jean Jouzel: "Let's say the long-term warming is directly proportional to the cumulative amount of carbon dioxide that we have issued. And if we want to stay below 2 ° C, we no longer have the right to issue about 900 billion tons of carbon dioxide, ie 25 years at current rates. And this represents only 20% of the fossil fuel reserves that we have under our feet. So we have to leave where they are mainly coal, gas, oil that we are easily accessible. And it is a very strong message that Lima conference.
But I like the speech of Ban Ki-moon yesterday, that stay below 2ºC is still possible, it is technically possible and what is economically very viable. "
Fabien Farge, euronews: So precisely, Jean Jouzel, on the way to 2020, there was therefore Lima, there is also the great rendezvous of Paris conference to be held within a year. What objectives, what perspectives, what are the issues precisely to Paris?
Jean Jouzel: "The three main objectives are: before 2020, it is discussed here in Lima, but not so pretty
ambitious. Therefore, increase the ambition for the pre-2020. For after 2020 there has been Europe's commitments: less than 40% in 2030. There has China's commitments, the United States, which are not ambitious enough in relation to the objective 2ºC, but it's a very important first step. Not since the ambition of those commitments and we must engage all other countries in the world in the commitments that actually allow us to divide by two or even three, our emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050. And then there is this very important issue of funding for adaptation to climate change, as the fight against climate change in developing countries. "
Fabien Farge, euronews: Jean Jouzel thank you for having responded to questions from euronews.
